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        <h1>06-计算机组成</h1>
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    <section>
      <h1 id="Homework"><a href="#Homework" class="headerlink" title="Homework"></a>Homework</h1><h2 id="According-to-the-von-Neumann-architecture-List-basic-parts-of-a-computer"><a href="#According-to-the-von-Neumann-architecture-List-basic-parts-of-a-computer" class="headerlink" title="According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer"></a>According to the von Neumann architecture, List basic parts of a computer</h2><ul>
<li>控制器</li>
<li>运算器</li>
<li>存储器</li>
<li>输入设备</li>
<li>输出设备</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="A-computer-has-64-MB-megabytes-of-memory-How-many-bits-are-needed-to-address-any-single-byte-in-memory"><a href="#A-computer-has-64-MB-megabytes-of-memory-How-many-bits-are-needed-to-address-any-single-byte-in-memory" class="headerlink" title="A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory?"></a>A computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory. How many bits are needed to address any single byte in memory?</h2><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mn>64</mn><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>26</mn></msup><mi>b</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">64 MB = 2^{26} bytes </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">6</span><span class="mord">4</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.10903em;">M</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.008548em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mtight">6</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">b</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">y</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span></span></span></span>

<p>所以需要 26 位地址线索引每个字节。</p>
<h2 id="List-basic-parts-of-a-CPU-include-cache-or-not"><a href="#List-basic-parts-of-a-CPU-include-cache-or-not" class="headerlink" title="List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not?"></a>List basic parts of a CPU, include cache or not?</h2><ul>
<li>算数和逻辑单元</li>
<li>控制单元</li>
<li>总线和存储单元</li>
</ul>
<p>CPU 的组成中包含缓存。</p>
<h2 id="What-mean-secondary-storage-List-some-on-your-PC"><a href="#What-mean-secondary-storage-List-some-on-your-PC" class="headerlink" title="What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC."></a>What mean secondary storage. List some on your PC.</h2><p>二级存储器是指计算机主存储器外的所有可访问数据存储器。</p>
<p>例如：</p>
<ul>
<li>磁带</li>
<li>硬盘</li>
<li>光碟</li>
<li>存储卡</li>
<li>U 盘</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="使用维基百科，解释概念"><a href="#使用维基百科，解释概念" class="headerlink" title="使用维基百科，解释概念"></a>使用维基百科，解释概念</h2><h3 id="CPU"><a href="#CPU" class="headerlink" title="CPU"></a>CPU</h3><p>A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry within a computer that executes instructions that make up a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program.</p>
<h3 id="RAM"><a href="#RAM" class="headerlink" title="RAM"></a>RAM</h3><p>Random-access memory is a form of computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code. A random-access memory device allows data items to be read or written in almost the same amount of time irrespective of the physical location of data inside the memory.</p>
<h3 id="ROM"><a href="#ROM" class="headerlink" title="ROM"></a>ROM</h3><p>Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device.</p>
<h3 id="Bus-computing"><a href="#Bus-computing" class="headerlink" title="Bus (computing)"></a>Bus (computing)</h3><p>In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus[citation needed], and historically also called data highway) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers. This expression covers all related hardware components (wire, optical fiber, etc.) and software, including communication protocols.</p>
<h3 id="Parallel-Computing"><a href="#Parallel-Computing" class="headerlink" title="Parallel Computing"></a>Parallel Computing</h3><p>Parallel computing is a type of computation where many calculations or the execution of processes are carried out simultaneously.</p>
<h2 id="写一段文字，简单解释“云计算（cloud-computing）”"><a href="#写一段文字，简单解释“云计算（cloud-computing）”" class="headerlink" title="写一段文字，简单解释“云计算（cloud computing）”"></a>写一段文字，简单解释“云计算（cloud computing）”</h2><p>云计算是一种不需要用户在本地进行计算，而是通过将运算负载放置到服务器端，并分布式地将数据处理程序分解成多个服务进行处理，最后通过这些服务处理和分析数据得到最终结果返回给用户的一种技术。</p>
<p>“云”实际上就是指网络，各服务、用户与服务之间通过网络进行数据交互，这些计算资源共享池就叫做“云”。</p>
<p>云计算把许多计算资源集合起来，通过软件实现自动化管理，只需要很少的人参与，就能让资源被快速提供。</p>
<h2 id="小孙买了计算机主板，说明书表明“支持双通道DDR3-1333内存，-最大支持16G”"><a href="#小孙买了计算机主板，说明书表明“支持双通道DDR3-1333内存，-最大支持16G”" class="headerlink" title="小孙买了计算机主板，说明书表明“支持双通道DDR3-1333内存， 最大支持16G”"></a>小孙买了计算机主板，说明书表明“支持双通道DDR3-1333内存， 最大支持16G”</h2><h3 id="DDR3内存，“3”和“1333”的含义是什么？"><a href="#DDR3内存，“3”和“1333”的含义是什么？" class="headerlink" title="DDR3内存，“3”和“1333”的含义是什么？"></a>DDR3内存，“3”和“1333”的含义是什么？</h3><p>DDR3 中的 3 指的是第三代DDR-SDRAM内存条。</p>
<p>而后面的 1333 指的是该内存条的主频为 1333MHz。</p>
<h3 id="小孙买8G-DDR3-1600的内存能提高性能吗？"><a href="#小孙买8G-DDR3-1600的内存能提高性能吗？" class="headerlink" title="小孙买8G DDR3-1600的内存能提高性能吗？"></a>小孙买8G DDR3-1600的内存能提高性能吗？</h3><p>可以提升性能。</p>
<p>同样的内存，工作频率越高，内存能够提供的数据带宽就越大，理论上内存的性能就越好。</p>
<h3 id="小孙买4G-2-DDR3-1333的内存能提高性能吗？"><a href="#小孙买4G-2-DDR3-1333的内存能提高性能吗？" class="headerlink" title="小孙买4G*2 DDR3-1333的内存能提高性能吗？"></a>小孙买4G*2 DDR3-1333的内存能提高性能吗？</h3><p>可以提升性能。</p>
<p>多一条内存使得计算机拥有更大的内存，能够同时处理更多的任务，因此可以提升计算机的整体性能。</p>
<h3 id="16G需要多少位地址？"><a href="#16G需要多少位地址？" class="headerlink" title="16G需要多少位地址？"></a>16G需要多少位地址？</h3><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><semantics><mrow><mn>16</mn><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>34</mn></msup><mi>b</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">16 GB = 2^{34} bytes </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.68333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mord">6</span><span class="mord mathnormal">G</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.008548em;vertical-align:-0.19444em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">3</span><span class="mord mtight">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">b</span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">y</span><span class="mord mathnormal">t</span><span class="mord mathnormal">e</span><span class="mord mathnormal">s</span></span></span></span>

<p>需要 34 位地址。</p>


      

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            <time datetime="2020-10-13T16:29:58.801Z" itemprop="datePublished">
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